Egypt was dived into two parts, an upper and lower Egypt. The northern part of Egypt was known as lower Egypt and the southern part was known as upper Egypt.This was based on the way that the Nile river flowed.
Around 3000 B.C the upper kingdom conquered lower Egypt and the two nations combined creating what is now know as Egypt.
http://www.suziemanley.com/bac k track/unification.htm http://www.princeton.edu/ http://www.bbc.com/
On July 1, 1798 Napoleon Bonaparte and 54,000 men 150 of them being scientist followed napoleon into Egypt. These men wanted to capture the Egyptians culture and history.
During this invasion napoleon forces the Egyptians out of Egypt , but is stopped by the British and the Turks in 1801. After this Egypt continues to be a part of the Ottoman Empire
The countries Egypt and Syria merged into one nation in 1958. This was because the two nations wanted to unite and become an Arab nation together.
At the time Gamal Abdal Nasser was president and through his power he combined southern Egypt and northern Syria and called the new country Arab Territory
In 1961 Syria backed out of the union after a military coup. Thus ending the union. Egypt continued to use the name until 1971.